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  • ARCHICAD 24 Reference Guide
  • Functions in Expressions
  • TEXT EDITING FUNCTIONS
  • Lower Case [LOWER]
  • User manuals
    • Archicad 25
      • Getting Help on ARCHICAD 25
      • Install Guide for ARCHICAD 25
        • Install ARCHICAD
        • Mac OS 10.15: Enable Full Disk Access
        • Your ARCHICAD License Key
        • Add/Repair ARCHICAD
        • Updates for ARCHICAD
        • ARCHICAD Tools and Utilities
        • Uninstall ARCHICAD
        • Using a CodeMeter Server
      • License & Trademark Information
      • Network Installation for BIM Managers
        • Command Line Parameters (Custom Install)
        • Option File (Custom Install)
        • Installer Log Files and Error Codes
        • Unattended Uninstall
        • Third-Party Prerequisites
        • Customized Company Defaults for Unattended Installation (ARCHICAD Only)
      • New Features in ARCHICAD 25
        • Configure
          • Authenticate Your ARCHICAD
        • Design
          • New Commands for Better 2D-3D Navigation
          • Expanded Design Freedom with Polygonal Openings
          • Stair Improvements
          • PARAM-O Improvements
        • Analyze
          • Structural Analytical Model Refinements
            • Load Handling in Structural Analytical Model
            • Create Structural Supports - Streamlined Input
            • Custom Alignment of Replacement Profile
            • New Offset Adjustments
            • Connection Range Improvements
            • Automatic Export Mapping of Manufactured Profiles (Structural Analysis Format)
            • Support for All Released SAF Versions
        • Collaborate
          • Native Survey Point
          • RFA and RVT Exchange: Native to ARCHICAD
        • Document
          • Component Schedules: New Gross Properties and Conditional Calculation Rules
          • Graphic Override Improvements
          • New MEP Label
        • Visualize
          • Surface Textures on Section/Elevation/Int. Elevation Viewpoints
          • Surface-Based Fills
          • Library Enhancements
        • Additional Improvements
      • Migrating to ARCHICAD 25
        • Migration Topics: Migrating from Versions 18-24
          • Migrating Libraries to ARCHICAD 25
          • Migrating a Teamwork Project (v. 13-24) to ARCHICAD 25
        • Migrating from Older Versions (ARCHICAD 8.1 through 17)
          • Migration of Rendering/Surface Settings to Cineware
          • Migration of Lights and Lamp Settings
          • Images from QuickTime Formats
          • Element Display in Interior Elevations
          • Building Materials: Collision Detection Setting
          • Building Materials: Attribute Migration Issues
          • Migrating EcoDesigner or Energy Evaluation Data
          • Priority-Based Element Intersections
          • Display of Transparent Elements
          • Walls, Zones, Columns: Toplink Option
          • Core-Based Reference Plane for Slab
          • Core-Based Wall Reference Line
          • Changed Renovation Features
          • Migrating Roofs and Skylights
          • VR Scenes and VR Objects No Longer Supported
          • Migration of Exported Options Files (.xml, .aat, .prf)
          • Find & Select Criteria Sets
          • Open Older (pre-13) Teamwork Files in ARCHICAD 25
          • Migrating Libraries and Objects from ARCHICAD 12 and Earlier
          • “Automatic” Home Story Setting Eliminated
          • Doors and Windows in Partial Structure Display
          • Lost IFC Data
          • Section/Elevation Marker Display
          • DXF/DWG Translator Changes in Converting ARCHICAD Fills
          • Migrate Projects Containing Hotlinks
          • Migrating PlotMaker Layout Books to ARCHICAD 25
      • Configuration
        • Start ARCHICAD
        • Work Environment
          • Default Work Environment Profiles
          • Tab Bar
            • Transfer Settings Among Tabs
          • Arranging Palettes, Toolbars and Windows
          • Set Window Background and Grid Line Color
          • Quick Options Bar
          • Toolbox
          • Info Box
          • Menus
          • Toolbars
          • Shortcuts
          • Palettes
          • Pet Palettes
        • Create New Project
        • Attributes
          • Layers
            • About Layers
            • Quick Layers
            • Layer Combinations
            • Use Layers to Prevent Intersections
            • Use Separate Layer Settings for the Layout Book
            • Place All Elements on a Single “Active Layer” (Simulate AutoCAD Work Methods)
          • Lines
          • Pen Sets
            • Apply a Pen Set
            • Redefine a Pen Set
          • Fills
          • Surfaces
            • About Surfaces
            • Override Surfaces With Surface Painter
            • Surface Painter Palette
            • Override Surfaces in Element Settings
            • Align 3D Texture
            • Default Texture Alignments/Reset Texture
            • Display of Surfaces in Renderings
          • Building Materials
          • Attribute Manager
            • Attribute Management Commands
            • Attribute Manager: Editable Attribute Parameters
              • Layer Combinations and Layers (Attribute Manager)
              • Pen Sets and Pens (Attribute Manager)
              • Lines (Attribute Manager)
              • Fills (Attribute Manager)
              • Surfaces (Attribute Manager)
              • Building Materials (Attribute Manager)
              • Composites (Attribute Manager)
              • Profiles (Attribute Manager)
              • Zone Categories (Attribute Manager)
              • Cities (Attribute Manager)
              • MEP Systems (Attribute Manager)
              • Operation Profiles (Attribute Manager)
            • Revert Changes in Attribute Manager
          • Composite Structures
          • Missing Attributes
            • Find and Select Elements with Missing Attributes
          • Custom Attributes of GDL Objects
          • Delete and Replace Attributes in a Model
        • Open Recent Project(s)
        • Libraries
          • Embedded Library
            • Add Objects to Embedded Library
            • Manage Embedded Objects
          • Library Manager
          • BIMcloud Libraries
            • Add BIMcloud Library
            • Manage BIMcloud Libraries
          • Linked Libraries
          • Remove Library from Project
          • Recommendations for Using Libraries
          • Troubleshooting Library Issues
          • Library Container File
        • Favorites
          • Apply a Favorite
          • Search Favorites
          • Create New Favorite
          • Redefine Favorite
          • Edit Settings of One or More Favorites
          • Missing Content in Favorite
          • Favorites Palette
          • Import/Export Favorites
        • Browse for a Project
        • Open & Repair Selected File
        • Opening Legacy or Archive Projects: Manage Library Parts
        • Close Project
        • Save ARCHICAD Project
        • File Compression
        • Sign In with GRAPHISOFT ID
        • ARCHICAD License Types
        • Resolving Issues with Serial Numbers
        • Bug Reporter
        • Template Files
        • Backup Files
        • Archive Projects
        • ARCHICAD User Feedback - Net Promoter Score Survey
        • Create Support Package (Troubleshooting)
        • License Information
        • Opening Projects through a Network
        • Add-Ons and Goodies
        • Working Units
        • Location Settings
        • Survey Point
        • Project Preferences
        • Scale
      • Interaction
        • Navigation
          • Pop-up Navigator
            • Navigator Project Map
            • Navigator View Map
          • How to Navigate Among ARCHICAD Views
          • Navigation in the 3D Window
            • Accessing 3D Navigation Commands
            • Explore Model (3D Navigation)
            • Orbit (3D Navigation)
            • Navigator Preview (3D)
            • 3D Connexion Enabler
          • Zoom
          • Organizer Palette
            • Clone a Folder in the View Map
            • Navigator Layout Book
            • Navigator Publisher
            • Access Views/Layouts from External ARCHICAD Project
          • Fit in Window
          • Set Orientation
          • Navigator Preview (2D)
          • Navigator Palette
        • Origins
          • Elevation Values in the Tracker
        • Selection
          • Selecting Elements
            • Quick Selection of Surface Areas
            • Select Multiple Elements With Selection Polygon
          • Selection Feedback
            • Selection Highlight and Element Information Highlight
          • Element Information Pop-up (Info Tags)
          • Marquee Area
            • Marquee Area Definition
            • Save Marquee Area as PDF or DWG
            • Copy/Paste Marquee Area from Project Window
            • Other Editing Operations within the Marquee
          • Find and Select Elements
          • Define Element Criteria
          • Predefined Criteria Sets
          • Edit Selection Set
          • Store Selection Sets in Selections Palette
        • On-Screen Input Aids
          • Tracker
            • Element Input Using Tracker Coordinates
          • The Intelligent Cursor
          • Snap Points
            • Snap Points on Temporary Vector
          • Ruler
          • Editing Plane in 3D Window
            • Editing Plane Display
            • Reposition Editing Plane
          • Measure Tool
          • Magic Wand
            • Magic Wand Settings
          • Relative Construction Methods
            • Parallel and Perpendicular Constraints
            • Angle Bisector Constraint
            • Offset and Multiple Offset Constraints (Relative Construction Methods)
            • Aligning Elements to a Surface in 3D
          • Set up Construction Grid
          • Set up Snap Grid
          • Snap to Grid
          • Snap Guides
          • Guide Lines
          • Gravity
          • Mouse Constraints
          • Coordinate Constraints
          • Snapping to Existing Elements
          • Cursor Snap Range
        • Editing Elements
          • Move Elements
            • Nudging Elements
            • Dragging Elements
            • Rotating Elements
            • Mirroring Elements
            • Elevating Elements
          • Basic Editing Operations
          • Cancel Operations (ESC Key, Backspace)
          • Distribute Elements
            • Special Distribute
          • Modify Element Sizes
            • Reshaping Polygons and Chained Elements
            • Stretching with the Marquee Tool
            • Stretch Height
            • Resize (Enlarge or Reduce) Elements
            • Splitting Elements
            • Adjusting Elements
            • Adjust Elements to Slabs
            • Create a Fillet or Chamfer
            • Trim Elements Using Scissors
            • Adding Element Nodes
            • Move Nodes
            • Curve/Straighten Element Edge
          • Offset All Edges
          • Duplicate Elements
            • Drag, Rotate, Mirror Element Copies
            • Multiply Elements
          • Intersect Two Elements
          • Align Elements
          • Explode into Current View
          • Drag & Drop
          • Parameter Transfer
          • Element Transfer Settings
          • Group Elements
          • Lock/Unlock Elements
          • Display Order
        • Virtual Trace: Using References to Edit and Compare Model Views and Drawings
          • Choose a Trace Reference
          • Show/Hide Trace Reference
          • Move/Rotate/Reset Reference
          • Switch Reference with Active: Access Elements within the Reference for Editing or Copying
          • Activate Reference
          • Rebuild Trace Reference
          • Compare Reference with Active
        • Consolidate Lines and Fills in Drawing Windows
      • Elements of the Virtual Building
        • Construction Elements
          • Place a Construction Element in ARCHICAD
            • Home Story
            • Define Top Link for Wall, Column, Zone or Stair
          • Walls
            • Wall Reference Line
            • Create a Straight Wall
            • Create a Curved Wall
            • Create a Chain of Walls
            • Create a Rectangle of Walls
            • Create a Trapezoid Wall
            • Create a Polygon Wall (PolyWall)
            • Stretching Walls
            • Create a Slanted or Double-Slanted Wall
            • Modify Slanted Wall
            • Create a Log Wall
            • Walls and Other Elements
            • Modify Wall Reference Line
            • Invert Wall Direction
          • Columns
            • Place a Column
            • Create a Slanted Column
            • Create a Multi-Segment Column
            • Delete Column Segment or Beam Segment
            • Define Column/Segment Structure
            • Rotate Join Angle
            • Tapered Column or Segment
            • Editing Columns
            • Edit Mode for Multi-Segment Columns
            • Core and Veneer
            • Columns and Other Elements
            • Column Tool Settings: Preview and Positioning
            • Column End Cuts and Reference Axis
            • Column Model Display
            • Column Display on Floor Plan and Section
          • Beams
            • Place a Beam
            • Create a Slanted Beam
            • Curve a Beam Vertically
            • Create a Multi-Segment Beam
            • Define Beam/Segment Structure
            • Define Join Geometry
            • Tapered Beam or Segment
            • Editing Beams
            • Create a Hole in a Beam
            • Selecting and Modifying Beam Holes
            • Beams and Other Elements
            • Beam Tool Settings: Preview and Positioning
            • Beam End Cuts
            • Beam Reference Axis
            • Beam Model Display
            • Beam Display on Floor Plan and Section
            • Rotating Beam and Columns
          • Complex Profiles
            • Create Complex Profile from Parallel Elements
            • Offset Modifiers
              • Create New Offset Modifier
              • Edit Offset Modifier
              • Offset Modifiers: Tips and Tricks
            • Use Standard Steel Column or Beam Profile
            • Profile Manager
            • Create or Edit Complex Profile
            • Apply Profile to Selected Element
            • Capture Selected Element for New Profile
            • Apply Custom Surface or Line to Profile Edge
            • Profile Origin in Profile Editor Window
            • Stretch Modifiers
          • Roofs
            • Examples of Multi-plane Roofs
              • Hip Roof
              • Complex Roof
              • Gable Roof
              • Pyramidal Roof
              • Mansard Roof
              • Gablet Roof
              • Gambrel Roof
              • Cross-Gable Roof
            • About Roofs
            • Create a Single-plane Roof on the Floor Plan
            • Editing Roofs
              • Graphical Editing of Roof Geometry
              • Modify the Roof Pitch
              • Add Roof Level
              • Edit Roof Levels
              • Edit Eaves or Gable Overhang
              • Edit Roof Contour
              • Edit Roof Ridge
              • Customize Roof Plane
              • Customize Edge of Roof or Roof Hole
              • Create a Hole in a Roof
              • Create an Atrium
              • Add a Tower to the Roof
              • Create Roof Level Lines
              • Intersect Single-plane Roofs
            • Create a Single-plane Roof in the 3D Window
            • Create a Multi-plane Roof
            • Crop Elements to Single-plane Roof
            • Create Special Roof Objects with RoofMaker
          • Trim Elements to Roof or Shell
            • Define Trimming Bodies
            • Trim Multiple Selected Elements: Automatic Trim
              • Automatic Trim: Example 1
              • Automatic Trim: Example 2
            • Trim Elements to Roof: Manual Trim
          • Merge Trimming Elements
            • Merge Elements: Roofs, Shells, Morphs
            • Managing Element Connections
          • Shells
            • Extruded Shells
              • Simple Extruded Vault: Parallel to the Floor Plan
              • Simple Extruded Vault: Perpendicular to the Floor Plan
              • Extruded Shell with Freely Defined Profile
            • About Shells
            • Revolved Shells
              • Revolved Shell: Simple Input
              • Revolved Shell with Freely Defined Profile
            • Ruled Shells
              • Ruled Vaulted Shell
            • Sample Workflows for Shell Creation
              • Extruded Shell: Wavy Canopy Roof
              • Revolved Shell: Arced Triangular Roof Complex
              • Revolved Shell: Define Contours in Section
              • Ruled Shell: Tennis Court Shell
              • Ruled Shell: Twisted Tower
            • Graphical Editing of Shells
              • Options for Editing Extruded Shells
              • Options for Editing Revolved Shells
              • Options for Editing Ruled Shells
            • Create Hole in Shell
            • Edit Shell Hole
            • Define Shell Contour
            • Edit Shell Contour Polygon
            • Customize Edge of Shell or Edge of Shell Hole
          • Slabs
            • Slab Reference Plane
            • Creating Slabs
            • Placing Holes in Slabs
            • Set Custom Slab Edge Angle and Edge Surface
          • Meshes
            • Create a Mesh
            • Edit Elevation of a Mesh Point
            • Add New Points to the Mesh
            • Create a Hole in the Mesh
            • Display of Meshes
          • Zones
            • Creating Zones
            • Calculating Zone Area and Zone Volume
              • Relation to Zones
            • Zone Categories
            • 2D Display of Zone Backgrounds
            • Zone Stamps
            • 3D Display of Zone Spaces
            • Crop Zone to Another Element
            • Updating Zones
          • Curtain Wall
            • Working with Curtain Walls: Overview
            • Curtain Wall Input Methods
              • Create Curtain Wall on the Floor Plan
              • Draw Curtain Wall Boundary in the Section Window
              • Create a Curved Curtain Wall: Geometry Methods
              • Create Curtain Wall in the 3D Window
              • Curtain Wall Input Plane in 3D Window
              • Extrude Curtain Wall from a Slanted Input Plane
              • Positioning Curtain Wall in Section
            • Curtain Wall Components
            • Curtain Wall Frames
            • Curtain Wall Frame Settings
            • Curtain Wall Panels
            • Place Door- or Window-Type Panel in Curtain Wall
            • Curtain Wall Panel Settings
            • Curtain Wall Scheme Settings
            • Set up Grid Pattern in Scheme Settings
            • Create Grid Pattern Graphically
            • Model View Options for Curtain Walls
            • Curtain Wall Edit Mode
            • Edit Grid and Grid Lines in Edit Mode
            • Graphical Editing of Curtain Wall
            • Add Additional Curtain Wall Boundary
            • Curtain Wall Junctions
            • Curtain Wall Accessories
            • Curtain Wall System Settings
            • Curtain Walls and Other Elements
          • Stairs
            • About the Stair Tool
            • Stair Settings (Main Element Settings)
              • Stair Settings: Geometry and Positioning
              • Stair Settings: Rules and Standards
            • Stair Input
            • Flight and Landing Structures
              • Monolithic Flight and Landing Structures
              • Beam Flight Structure
              • Beam Landing Structure
              • Cantilevered Flight and Landing Structure
              • Stringers Flight and Landing Structure
            • Graphical Editing of Stair Scheme
            • Stair Turning Type
            • Winder Types for Equal-Going Winders
            • Stair Segment Type
            • Stair Tool Edit Mode
            • Automatic “Solver” Options to Resolve Geometric Conflicts
            • Toplinked Stairs and Changed Story Height
            • Tread and Riser Finishes
            • Split Stair Structure
            • Custom Sub-Elements for Stairs and Railings
            • Stair Endings and Connections
            • Model View Options for Stairs
            • Detail Level of Stair and Railing Symbols
            • Floor Plan/Reflected Ceiling Plan Display (Stair Settings)
            • Edit Stair Symbol Components Graphically
          • Railings
            • About the Railing Tool
            • Segment Settings (Railing Tool)
              • The Pattern Editor (Railing Tool Settings)
              • Segment Settings (Page of Railing Tool Settings)
              • Segment Pattern Settings (Panel of Railing Tool)
            • Place Railing: Basic Polyline Input
            • Rail Settings (Railing Tool)
              • Rail Component Settings (Toprail/Handrail/Rail)
            • Baluster Settings (Railing Tool)
              • Post Component Settings (Posts/Inner Posts/Balusters)
            • Place Associative Railing
            • Working with Railing Segments and Nodes
            • Railing Reference Line
            • Railing Tool Edit Mode
            • Railing Settings: Overview
            • Railing Settings: Geometry and Symbol Display
            • Toprail Settings (Railing Tool)
            • Handrail Settings (Railing Tool)
            • Inner Post Settings (Railing Tool)
            • Panel Settings (Railing Tool)
            • Node Settings (Railing Tool)
            • Post Settings (Railing Tool)
            • Connection Settings (Toprail, Handrail, Rail)
            • Railing Ends (Toprail, Handrail, Rail)
            • Model View Options for Railings
          • Morphs
            • Morph Selection
            • Basic Morph Editing
              • Basic Morph Editing: Push-Pull
              • Basic Morph Editing: Bulge
              • Basic Morph Editing: Add
              • Basic Morph Editing: Tube
              • Basic Morph Editing: Offset Morph Edge(s)
              • Basic Morph Editing: Curve Edge
              • Basic Morph Editing: Move Morph Sub-Element
              • Basic Morph Editing: Add Node to Morph
              • Basic Morph Editing: Fillet/Chamfer a Morph
            • Create a 2D Morph
            • Useful Commands for Transforming Morphs
              • Transforming Morphs: Smooth & Merge Faces
              • Intersect Morph Faces (Generate Edges within a Morph)
              • Transforming Morphs: Curve & Merge Edges
              • Combine Morph Faces for Smooth Editing Effect: Use “Soft” Edges
              • Transforming Morphs: Box Stretch a Morph
              • Transforming Morphs: Cover with Faces
              • Transforming Morphs: Custom Face Settings
            • Create a Box Morph
            • Create a Revolved Morph
            • Create Morph from Existing Elements
            • Morph Edge Type: Hard, Hidden, Soft
            • Boolean Operations with Morphs
            • Morph Texture Mapping and Alignment
            • Fix Modeling Errors: Check and Solidify Morphs
          • Model Element Connections
          • Element Intersections
            • Basic Intersection Principles
            • Specific Element Intersections and Junctions
            • How to Make Sure Elements Collide for Best Cleanup Results
            • Intersecting Elements That Don’t Clean Up
            • Best Practices for Intersections: Conceptual Design Phase
            • Fine-Tune Intersections
            • Legacy Intersection Mode for Older-Version Projects
        • Parametric Objects
          • Create Custom Library Parts and Components
            • Save 2D Symbols as Objects
            • Create Custom Components: Example Workflows
              • Example: Create Custom Door Leaf
              • Example: Create Custom Frame or Cap Profile for Curtain Walls
            • Save 2D Elements as Label
            • Save 3D Elements as Objects
            • Save Rectangular Doors and Windows from 3D Model Elements
            • Save Custom-Shape Doors or Windows
            • Create Custom Components for Doors, Windows, Curtain Wall, Stair, Railing
            • Editing Custom Library Parts and Components
          • About Parametric Objects
          • Where to Find Objects for Use in ARCHICAD
          • BIM Components
          • Search for Library Part
          • Placing an Object
          • 2D and 3D Representation of Objects
          • Stretching Objects
          • Parameter Transfer Between Objects
          • Graphical Editing Using Editable Hotspots
          • Create Patch Object
          • About GDL Object Subtypes
          • Open and Edit Library Part
          • Scripting Custom Objects
          • Further Resources on GDL Object Creation
        • Dedicated Object Tools: Doors, Windows, Skylights, Wall Ends
          • Doors/Windows
            • Placing Doors or Windows
            • Previews in Door/Window Settings
            • Floor Plan Display of Doors/Windows
            • Setting the Window/Door Plane in Slanted or Complex Walls
            • Sill or Header Heights
            • Sill Height Using Subfloor Thickness
            • Anchor Reveal
            • Creating an Empty Opening
            • Moving Wall Openings
            • Doors/Windows in Curved Wall
          • Corner Windows
          • Skylights
            • Placing and Moving a Skylight
            • Skylight Constraint Relative to Roof
          • Wall Ends
        • Ramp Object
          • Openings
            • Create Opening
            • Opening Display on Floor Plan
            • Use Limited Opening to Create Niche or Recess
            • On-Screen View Options for Openings
            • Edit Opening
            • Manage Opening Connections
            • Edit Openings in Teamwork
            • Import/Save Openings with IFC
            • Create Openings from Selection
        • TrussMaker
          • Creating Trusses in the Floor Plan
          • Editing Trusses
          • Creating Trusses in Section/Elevation/IE Windows
        • Solid Element Operations
          • About Solid Element Operations
          • Solid Operation Example
            • Managing Solid Element Connections
          • Solid Operation Types
        • Properties and Classification Systems
          • Assign Classification
          • Property Manager
            • Property Availability for Classifications
            • Expression-Defined Element Properties
              • Create a New Expression-Defined Property: Step By Step
              • Using Expression Editor: Context-Sensitive Help
              • Evaluate Expression-Defined Property
            • Assign Classifications/Properties in Element Schedule
            • Expression-Defined Properties: Examples
              • Example 1: Simple Mapping
              • Example 2: Modify Element Parameter, Using an Operator
              • Example 3: Expand Property with Descriptive Text String
              • Example 4: Calculate a Quantity and Round Up
              • Example 5: Calculate a Length and Add Overhang
              • Example 6: Round Up to Standard Beam Length
              • Example 7: Display Regulation-Compliance Data for an Element
              • Example 8: Generate Expanded ID for Openings
              • Example 9: Calculate Number of Tiles to Purchase
              • Example 10: List the Total Cost of a Structure in Dollars
            • Show Property Data in Labels and Markers
            • Errors in Expressions and How to Fix Them
              • Result Conflicts with Data Type
              • All Arguments Must Use the Same Data Type and Compatible Units
              • Argument’s Data Type is Not Correct
              • Data Type Not Available in ARCHICAD
              • Mathematical Error
              • Incorrect Sign and/or Number Type
              • Data Type Cannot be Changed
              • Does Not Contain Numeric Characters
            • Properties in Hotlinks
            • Export/Import Properties Between Projects
          • Assign Custom Property Value
          • Default Property Value
          • Classification Manager
      • Views of the Virtual Building
        • ARCHICAD Model Views
          • Floor Plan Window
          • Stories
            • About Stories
            • Navigate Among Stories
            • Defining Story Display in 3D
            • Defining Story Display in Section/Elevation/IE
            • Create or Delete or Rename Stories
            • Story Level Lines
          • Element Display in Floor Plan and Section
            • Show On Stories
            • Floor Plan Display (Element Settings)
            • Show Projection
            • Cut Surfaces and Outlines (Element Settings)
          • Floor Plan Cut Plane (Global Setting)
          • 3D Window
            • 3D Cutting Planes
              • Show or Hide 3D Cutaway
              • Create a 3D Cutaway on the Floor Plan or Section
              • Create a 3D Cutaway in the 3D Window
              • Edit Cutaway
              • 3D Cutaway Attributes
              • Hide 3D Cutting Planes
              • Delete Cutting Planes
            • Show Selection/Marquee in 3D
            • Save Contents of 3D Window as a View
            • 3D Engines
            • 3D Projections
            • 3D Navigation Extras
            • 3D Window Size
          • Sections
            • Create a Section Viewpoint
            • Open a Section Viewpoint
            • Horizontal/Vertical Range of Section Viewpoint
            • Define Marker Reference for Source Marker
            • Floor Plan Display of Section Markers
            • Model Appearance (Section-Type Views)
            • Editing Section/Elevation/IE Lines on Floor Plan
            • Place a Linked Section Marker
            • Place Unlinked Marker
            • Create an Independent Section Viewpoint
            • Assign Section Rebuild Status
            • Updating Sections
            • Summary of Rebuild Commands
          • Interior Elevations (IE)
            • About Interior Elevations
            • Create Interior Elevation Group
            • Create Single Interior Elevation Viewpoint
            • Interior Elevation Horizontal Range
            • Interior Elevation Vertical Range
            • Display and Edit Interior Elevation Marker Lines and Marker Range
            • Interior Elevation IDs and Names
            • Delete/Restore IE Viewpoint
            • Display of Elements in Interior Elevation
          • 3D Document
            • About the 3D Document
            • Create a 3D Document
            • Redefine the 3D Document
          • Elevations
          • Details
            • About Details
            • Create a Detail Drawing Viewpoint with Model Source
            • Contents of the Detail Viewpoint
            • Place a Linked Detail Marker
            • Create an Independent Detail Viewpoint
            • Display of Detail/Worksheet Boundary
            • Update Detail/Worksheet Marker Boundary
            • Updating the Detail Window
          • Worksheets
            • About Worksheets
            • Worksheet vs. Detail
            • Create a Worksheet Drawing with Model Source
            • Contents of the Worksheet Window
            • Editing in the Worksheet Window
            • Create an Independent Worksheet Viewpoint
            • Place a Linked Worksheet Marker
          • Managing Markers in ARCHICAD
            • About Markers
            • Display of Marker Range Lines
            • Source Marker Highlight
            • Changing Marker Type
            • Transfer Marker Parameters
            • Copying a Marker
            • Find Linked Markers
            • Check Markers Palette
            • Deleting a Viewpoint/View/Drawing with a Marker
            • Deleting a Source Marker
          • Interactive Schedule
            • Types of Interactive Schedules
            • Units in Interactive Schedules
            • Open and View a Schedule
            • Show Schedule Data for Selected Floor Plan Items
            • Editing and Updating Schedule Items
            • Select Schedule Items on Floor Plan/3D
            • Define Schedule Content Using Scheme Settings
            • Create Schedule of Surfaces
            • Format Options (Interactive Schedule)
            • Schedule Headers
            • Previews and Pictures in the Interactive Schedule
            • Restructure Schedule to Fit Layout
            • Split Schedule into Multiple Layouts
          • Project Indexes
        • Model View Options
          • Define Model View Options
          • Model View Options Combinations
        • On-Screen View Options
        • Partial Structure Display
          • Applying Partial Structure Settings to Model Windows
          • Save Partial Structure Settings by View
          • How to Define Components as “Core” or “Finish”
          • Visualizing the Entire Model
          • Partial Structure Display Settings: Effect on Elements
          • Partial Structure Display Settings in Windows Based on a Source Marker
        • Renovation
          • Assign Renovation Status to Elements
          • Renovation Filters
            • Apply Renovation Filter
            • Show an Element in a Single Renovation Filter Only
            • Renovation Filter Options
            • Examples of Renovation Filters
          • Graphic Overrides By Renovation Status
            • Openings By Renovation Status: Override Examples
          • Workflows for Tricky Renovation Situations
            • Adding Insulation to Walls: Renovation Workflow
            • Adding New Door Panel to Existing Door Frame: Renovation Workflow
            • Zone Stamps for Renovated Rooms: Renovation Workflow
            • Listing Material Quantities for Renovation Projects
          • Best Practices for Creating Renovation Views
          • Reset Renovation Status
        • Graphic Overrides
          • Graphic Override Rules
          • Graphic Override Combinations
          • Exceptions: When Overrides Don’t Apply
      • Element Parameters
        • General Listing Parameters
        • Component Data in ARCHICAD
          • Component Listing Parameters in the Interactive Schedule
          • Calculating Component Areas
            • Component Areas of Basic and Composite Elements
            • Component Areas of Complex Profiles
        • Beam Listing Parameters
        • Beam Segment Listing Parameters
        • Column Listing Parameters
        • Column Segment Listing Parameters
        • Curtain Wall Listing Parameters
        • Curtain Wall Accessory Listing Parameters
        • Curtain Wall Frame Listing Parameters
        • Curtain Wall Junction Listing Parameters
        • Curtain Wall Panel Listing Parameters
        • Window/Door Listing Parameters
        • Fill Listing Parameters
        • Lamp Listing Parameters
        • Mesh Listing Parameters
        • Morph Listing Parameters
        • Object/Lamp Listing Parameters
        • Opening Listing Parameters
        • Railing Listing Parameters
        • Railing Segment Listing Parameters
        • Railing Members Listing Parameters
        • Roof Listing Parameters
        • Shell Listing Parameters
        • Skylight Listing Parameters
        • Slab Listing Parameters
        • Stair Listing Parameters
        • Stair Finish Listing Parameters
        • Stair Structure Listing Parameters
        • Wall Listing Parameters
        • Zone Listing Parameters
      • Functions in Expressions
        • CONSTANTS
          • Pi [PI]
          • True[TRUE] False[FALSE]
        • OPERATORS
          • Add [+]
          • Divide [/]
          • Equals [-]
          • Greater Than [>]
          • Greater Than or Equal to [>-]
          • Not Equal [<>]
          • Power [^]
          • Subtract [-]
        • LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
          • And [AND]
          • Or [OR]
          • Not [NOT]
          • If [IF]
          • If Multiple [IFS]
          • Exclusive Or [XOR]
          • Undefined [ISUNDEFINED]
        • MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS
          • Absolute Value [ABS]
          • e Exponent [EXP]
          • Natural Logarithm [LN]
          • Base Logarithm [LOG]
          • Base 10 Logarithm [LOG10]
          • Remainder [MOD]
          • Nth Root [NTHROOT]
          • Power [POWER]
          • Quotient [QUOTIENT]
          • Sign [SIGN]
          • Square Root [SQRT]
          • Sum [SUM]
          • Round to Multiple [MROUND]
          • Round Down to Multiple [MROUNDDOWN]
          • Round Up to Multiple [MROUNDUP]
          • Round [ROUND]
          • Round Down [ROUNDDOWN]
          • Round Up [ROUNDUP]
        • TRIGONOMETRICAL FUNCTIONS
          • Arccosine [ACOS]
          • Arccotangent [ACOT]
          • Arcsine [ASIN]
          • Arctangent [ATAN]
          • Cosine [COS]
          • Cotangent [COT]
          • Sine [SIN]
          • Tangent [TAN]
        • STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS
          • Average [AVG]
          • Maximum [MAX]
          • Minimum [MIN]
        • TEXT EDITING FUNCTIONS
          • Compare [COMPARE]
          • Merge Strings [CONCAT]
          • Contains [CONTAINS]
          • Find String [FIND]
          • String from Left [LEFT]
          • Length of String [LEN]
          • Lower Case [LOWER]
          • String from Position [MID]
          • Replace in String [REPLACE]
          • Repeat String [REPT]
          • String from Right [RIGHT]
          • Split String [SPLIT]
          • Split String to Left [SPLITLEFT]
          • Split String to Right [SPLITRIGHT]
          • Substitute Strings [SUBSTITUTE]
          • Join Strings [TEXTJOIN]
          • Trim [TRIM]
          • Upper Case [UPPER]
        • DATA CONVERSION
          • Convert to String [STR]
          • Convert Unit to String [STRCALCUNIT]
          • Number from String [STRTONUM]
      • PARAM-O Reference Guide
        • PARAM-O Node Documentation
          • Parameters
            • Dimension 1
            • Dimension 2
            • Height
          • Shapes
            • Block
            • Cylinder
            • Cone
            • Sphere
            • Ellipsoid
            • Elbow
            • Wedge
            • Regular Prism
            • Profile Extrude
          • Inputs
            • Boolean
            • Integer
            • Number
            • Length
            • Angle
            • Random Number
            • Global Value
          • List Inputs
            • Integer Series
            • Number Series
            • Random Series
            • Number Distribution
          • Attribute Inputs
            • Pen
            • Surface
            • Profile
          • Point Inputs
            • Point
            • Vector
            • Deconstruct Point
            • Deconstruct Vector
            • Line Points
            • Grid Points
            • Arc Points
          • Transformations
            • Move
            • Move By Vector
            • Rotation X
            • Rotation Y
            • Rotation Z
            • Scale
            • Combination
          • Shape Transformations
            • Transform Shape
            • Move Shape
            • Move Shape By Vector
            • Rotate Shape X
            • Rotate Shape Y
            • Rotate Shape Z
            • Scale Shape
          • Maths
            • Addition
            • Subtraction
            • Multiplication
            • Division
            • Lower
            • Lower Or Equal
            • Greater
            • Greater Or Equal
            • Equal
            • Not Equal
            • Expression
            • Abs
            • Floor
            • Ceil
            • Sqrt
            • Negative
            • Min
            • Max
          • Trigonometry
            • Sine
            • Cosine
            • Tangent
            • Arc Sine
            • Arc Cosine
            • Arc Tangent
          • Solid Operations
            • Union
            • Difference
            • Intersection
          • Extras
            • GDL Object
            • GDL Shape
            • Viewer
        • Installation
        • Getting Started
        • PARAM-O Manager
        • PARAM-O Editor
        • Creating an Object
        • Making an Object Parametric
      • Documentation
        • Fills
          • Fill Dialog Box
          • Fill Categories
          • Draw a 2D Fill
          • Assign a Cut Fill (GDL Elements)
          • Assign a Cover Fill
          • Add Area Text to a Fill
          • Fill Display Mode: True Fill Appearance vs. Bitmap
          • Edit Vectorial Fill Pattern
          • Scale of Fills
          • Display of Vectorial Fill
          • Set Orientation of Vectorial or Symbol Fill Patterns
          • Create New Solid Fill
          • Create Symbol Fill
          • Using Gradient Fills
          • Create or Edit Image Fill
        • Drafting
          • Lines
            • Line Categories
            • Drawing a Single Straight Line Segment
            • Stretching or Shrinking Lines
            • Drawing Arcs and Full Circles
            • Stretching Curves
            • Editing an Arc Using its Tangent
            • Drawing Elliptical Arcs and Full Ellipses
            • Convert Ellipse to Circle
            • Drawing Splines
            • Editing Splines
            • Drawing Freehand Curves
            • Drawing Polylines and Chained Lines
            • Editing Polylines
          • Hotspots
          • Figures
          • Drawings in Model Views
        • Annotation
          • Dimensioning
            • Dimensioning Standards
            • Glossary of Dimensioning Terms
            • Static Dimensions
            • Linear Dimensions
            • Dimension Wall or Slab Thickness
            • Linear Dimension Geometry Methods
            • Linear Dimensions in the 3D Document Window
            • Elevation Dimensions
            • Radial Dimensions
            • Level Dimensions
            • Angle Dimensions
            • Edit Dimensions
            • Modify the Witness Line
            • Edit Text Box
            • Pointer Line
            • Automatic Exterior Dimensioning
            • Automatic Interior Dimensioning
            • Secondary Dimensions (Add-On)
          • The Grid Tool
            • Components of a Grid Element
            • Visibility of a Grid Element
            • Creating a Straight Grid Element
            • Creating a Curved Grid Element
            • Editing a Grid Element
            • Editing Grids in Teamwork
            • Place a Grid System
          • Text Blocks
            • Placing Text Blocks
            • Formatting Text Blocks As a Whole
            • Resizing Text Graphically
            • Applying Favorite Text Settings
            • Formatting Individual Components of Text Blocks
          • Autotext
            • How to Insert Autotext
            • Autotext Reference Drawing
            • Autotext Keywords
          • Labels
            • Place an Associative Label
            • Text/Autotext Label Content
            • Symbol Labels for Element Information
            • Custom Settings for Symbol Labels
            • Label Multiple Selected Elements
            • Labeling Curtain Walls
            • Labeling Stairs
            • Place an Independent Label
            • Search for Elements by Label Text
            • Find and Select Text Blocks/Labels
          • Text Editing in ARCHICAD
            • Search and Replace Text
            • Spell Checker
            • Editing Commands in Text-Type Windows
        • The Layout Book
          • Work Environment for the Layout Phase
            • Working with Layouts
            • Master Layouts
            • Subsets
          • Drawings in the Layout Book
            • Placing Drawings Onto the Layout
            • Arranging Multiple Drawings on the Layout
            • Drawing Frame
            • Importing PDF Files As Drawings
            • Drawing Titles
            • Managing and Updating Placed Drawings
          • Layout and Drawing IDs
          • Layout Workflow Schemes
            • Layout Workflow: Smaller Projects
            • Layout Workflow: Larger Projects
        • Revision Management
          • Revision Management Workflow
          • Working with Changes
            • Change Manager Palette
            • Create Change
            • Link/Unlink Change Elements
            • Add/Remove Changes on Layout Revisions
            • Change Details
            • Archive Changes in Change Manager
          • Revision Management: Default Schemes in the Template
          • Feedback on Layout Revisions
          • Revision History Data on Layout and in Layout Settings
          • Revision IDs
          • Managing Transmittal Sets
          • Change List and Transmittal History
          • Revisions in the Publisher
          • Changes from External Files
        • Publishing
          • Print
          • Publisher Function
            • Defining Publisher Output Format
            • Publishing Process
          • Plot
        • Element Information
        • ID Management
          • Element ID Manager
        • Calculation (Legacy)
      • Collaboration
        • Teamwork
          • Teamwork Setup/Preparation
            • Share a Teamwork Project in ARCHICAD
            • Libraries Setup for Teamwork Project Sharing
          • Teamwork Functions at a Glance
          • GRAPHISOFT BIMcloud: Features and Benefits
          • Manage Local Teamwork Data
            • Move Local Teamwork Data to a Different Computer
            • Delete Local Teamwork Data
            • Schedule Teamwork Data Cleanup Reminder
          • Remote Access to Teamwork Projects
            • Working from Home and the Office: Suggested Workflow for a Teamwork Project
            • Travel Pack: Move Your Teamwork Project and Libraries to a Different Computer
            • Avoid Conflicting Work Sessions in Teamwork Projects
          • Network Diagnostic Information (BIMcloud)
          • Reserving Elements in Teamwork
            • Overview of Teamwork Reservation
            • Reserve Elements by Selection (Teamwork)
            • Reserve Elements by Criteria (Teamwork)
            • Reserve Library Objects (Teamwork)
            • Feedback on Element Ownership (Teamwork)
            • Reservation Results (Teamwork)
          • Open or Join Teamwork Project
          • Reserving Teamwork Project Data (Non-Elements)
            • Feedback on Ownership of Teamwork Project Data
            • Reservation in Attribute Manager: Reserve All Attributes (Teamwork)
            • Reserve Individual Views and View Map Folders
            • Reserve Settings of Layout Book Items (Teamwork)
            • Moving Views and Layouts in the Navigator: Reservation Requirements (Teamwork)
            • Reserve Publisher Sets (Teamwork)
            • Reserve and Delete Layers (Teamwork)
            • Reserve Find and Select Criteria (Teamwork)
            • Reservation in Interactive Schedules (Teamwork)
            • Reserve List Scheme Dialog Boxes (Teamwork)
          • Close Teamwork Project
          • Messaging (Teamwork)
            • Create a New Message (Teamwork)
            • Receive and Open Message (Teamwork)
            • Review Elements (Teamwork)
          • External Files Linked to Teamwork Project
            • Hotlink Modules and XREFs in Teamwork
            • External Drawings in Teamwork
          • Save Local Copy of Teamwork Project
          • Force User to Leave a Teamwork Project
          • Join or Leave a Teamwork Project
          • Send/Receive Changes in Teamwork
          • Working Online/Offline in Teamwork
          • Teamwork Interface
          • Reserve All Elements and Data (Teamwork)
          • Review Your Workspace (Teamwork)
          • Creating and Sending Project Data (Teamwork)
          • Assign Elements (Teamwork)
          • Request Elements or Project Data (Teamwork)
          • Release Elements or Project Data (Teamwork)
          • Add Comment to Activities (Teamwork)
          • Libraries in Teamwork
        • Hotlink Modules
          • About Hotlink Modules
          • Place Hotlink
          • Edit Hotlink Module Content
          • Hotlink Settings
          • Hotlink Module Manager
          • Create Module (.mod) File
          • Save Selection in PLN Format
        • Collision Detection
        • Model Compare
          • Compare Teamwork Model Versions (Before and After Receiving Changes)
          • Compare Two Saved Versions of Current Model
          • Compare Two Views of a Single Project
          • Compare ARCHICAD Models Before and After Hotlink Update
          • Compare Views of Structural Analytical Models
          • Select View for Compare
          • Filter Changes Shown in Model Compare Palette
          • Model Compare: Review the Changes
          • Workspace Colors for Model Compare
        • Issue Handling
          • Add Selected Elements to New Issue
          • Show Containing Issue
          • Add Views to Issue
          • Issue Manager
          • Suggestion Elements in Issue Manager (Highlight, New, Modify, Delete)
          • Assign Issue to User
          • Accept Issue Element(s)
          • Issue Management Workflow: Example
          • Issue Organizer
          • Issue Details
          • Create Issue from Model Check Report
          • Create Issue from Model Compare Change List
          • Import Issues (BCF format)
          • Export Issues (BCF format)
          • Export/Import Issues Using PDF Markup
        • Change Tracking in Teamwork
          • Create New Subscription
          • Subscribe to Changed Elements - by Criteria
            • Subscribe to Changed Elements - by Selection
            • Subscribe to Changes in Project Data
            • Filter Element Changes by Parameter Type
            • Filter Change Notifications by Teams and Users
          • View and Manage Tracked Changes
          • Manage Subscriptions
      • MEP Modeler
        • MEP Routing
          • Define Settings in Routing Palette
          • Routing Options
          • Routing Process
          • Vary Elevations During Routing
          • MEP Routing With the Magic Wand
        • Apply MEP Work Environment
        • Place Individual MEP Elements
        • MEP Preferences
          • Predefined Bend Radius
        • Insert MEP Junction Elements
        • MEP-Compatible Library Parts
        • MEP Connection Ports
        • MEP Systems
        • MEP Element Settings
        • Graphical Editing of MEP Elements
        • Resize MEP Elements (Command)
        • Select Connected MEP Elements (Command)
        • Edit MEP Selection Set (Command)
        • Create Custom MEP Part
      • Structural Analytical Model
        • Structural Engineering Work Environment and Commands
        • 1D Members (Column and Beam)
          • Connection Range (Extend Core to Enable Connection)
          • Beam/Column with Multiple Cross-Sections: Use Replacement Profile
        • Elements of the Structural Analytical Model
        • Structural Supports
          • Place Structural Support
          • Support Elements: Symbol Options
          • Structural Supports at Openings and Holes
        • Structural Loads
          • Load Manager (for Load Cases and Load Groups)
          • Load Case Settings
          • Load Group Settings
          • Load Combination Dialog Box
          • Place Loads
          • Load Tool Settings
          • Representation of Loads
          • Loads in SAF Import/Export
        • 2D Members (Slab, Wall, Roof)
        • Structural Analytical Model Generation Rules
          • Adjustment Rules
            • Set Up Adjustment Rules
            • Adjuster Types and Options
              • Stretch 1D Member
              • Stretch 2D Member
              • Cutback 1D Member
              • Cutback 2D Member
              • Maximum Cutback/Maximum Overhang
              • Stretch & Cutback
              • Adjust Connected Ends
              • Offset 1D to 1D
              • Offset 1D to 2D
              • Offset 2D Member
              • Offset Options In Case of Multiple Targets
              • Snap (1D to 1D)
            • Examples of Adjustment Rules
              • Example 1: Offset Beams to Slabs
              • Example 2: Stretch Beams to Columns
              • Example 3: Snap
              • Example 4: Cutback
              • Example 5: Stretch & Cutback
          • Filter Openings for Structural Analytical Model
          • End/Edge Release (Generation Rules)
        • Model Check - Overview
          • Physical Model Quality Check
            • Physical Model Check Parameters
          • Structural Analytical Model Quality Check
          • Model Check Report
        • Structural Links
        • Collaboration with Structural Analysis Software
          • IFC Structural Analysis Model Import/Export - Experimental Feature
        • Representation of Structural Analytical Model
        • Eccentricity
        • End/Edge Releases
      • Structural Analysis Format
        • Export SAF File from ARCHICAD
        • Optimizing SAF Translators
          • Download SAF Data Files Optimized for Structural Applications
          • Prepare and Export a SAF Data File to Ensure Standard Mapping
        • Import SAF File to ARCHICAD
        • SAF Translator for Export: Settings
          • Material Mapping (Export to SAF)
            • Map ARCHICAD Building Material (By Name)
              • Use Element Property for More Precise Material Mapping
              • Add More SAF Materials to Mapping List (Export to SAF)
          • Profile Mapping (Export to SAF)
            • Map Complex Profiles (By Name)
              • Add More SAF Cross Sections to Mapping List (Export to SAF)
            • Automatic Mapping Based on Database File (Export ARCHICAD to SAF)
            • Default Mapping for Exported Cross Sections
          • Local Coordinate System (Export to SAF)
          • Miscellaneous Settings (Export to SAF)
        • SAF Translator for Import: Settings
          • Material Mapping (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
            • Additional Material Mapping: By Element Property Value
            • Add More SAF Materials (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
          • Profile Mapping (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
            • Map SAF Cross Sections By Name
              • Add More SAF Cross Sections (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
            • Automatic Mapping Based on Database File for Manufactured Cross Sections (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
            • Mapping Imported “General” or “Parametric” SAF Cross Sections
            • Parametric SAF Cross Sections Recognized by ARCHICAD
            • Default Mapping for “Other” Cross Sections (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
          • Miscellaneous Settings (Import SAF to ARCHICAD)
        • Import/Export SAF Translator Files
      • Visualization
        • Cameras
        • PhotoRendering
          • PhotoRendering Settings Palette
          • Cineware Basic Settings
          • Create Rendered Image
        • Visualization Extras
          • Fly-Through
          • Sun Study
          • Align View
        • GRAPHISOFT BIMx
          • Create BIMx Hyper-Model
            • Create BIMx Hyper-Model from Publisher
            • Create BIMx Hyper-Model Using a Wizard
            • Republish Hyper-model
          • BIMx: Notes on Model Data, Size, Textures and Shadows
      • Energy Evaluation
        • Energy Evaluation Workflow: Overview
          • General Settings for Energy Evaluation
        • Energy Evaluation: Direct BIM to BEM
          • Internal Space Zones for Energy Evaluation
          • Building Energy Model View
          • Automatic Model Geometry and Material Property Analysis in Energy Evaluation
        • Energy Model Review Palette
          • List and Tree Tab Page View Options
          • Thermal Blocks Tab Page
          • Structures Tab Page
          • Openings Tab Page
          • Building Energy Model Visualization
        • Additional Data Assignment and Input
          • Thermal Block Property Settings (Energy Evaluation)
          • Structure Property Settings (Energy Evaluation)
          • Opening Property Settings (Energy Evaluation)
          • Climate Data (Energy Evaluation)
          • Environment Settings (Energy Evaluation)
          • Operation Profiles (Energy Evaluation)
          • Building Systems (Energy Evaluation)
          • Energy Source Factors (Energy Evaluation)
          • Energy Costs (Energy Evaluation)
        • Energy Performance Evaluation
          • Start Energy Simulation (Energy Evaluation)
          • Interoperability with Green Software (Energy Evaluation)
          • Advisory Messages (Energy Evaluation)
          • VIP-Core Dynamic Simulation Engine (Energy Evaluation)
          • Energy Evaluation Report Dialog
          • Reading the Energy Performance Evaluation - PDF Report
          • Reading the Energy Performance Evaluation - XLS Report
      • Interoperability
        • File Types Opened by ARCHICAD
          • ARCHICAD File Types Opened by ARCHICAD
          • CAD Formats Opened by ARCHICAD
          • Image Formats Opened by ARCHICAD
          • Model/3D Formats Opened by ARCHICAD
          • Other Formats Opened by ARCHICAD
        • File Types Saved by ARCHICAD
          • ARCHICAD File Types Saved by ARCHICAD
          • CAD Formats Saved by ARCHICAD
          • Image Formats Saved by ARCHICAD
          • Model/3D Formats Saved by ARCHICAD
          • Document and Other Formats Saved by ARCHICAD
        • Merging Files to ARCHICAD
        • Working with PDF Documents
          • Create PDF Output Using the Publisher
            • PDF Options
          • Save Document in PDF Format
          • 3D Content in PDF
        • Import/Export Property Data via Spreadsheet
        • Working with DWG/DXF Files
          • Opening DWG/DXF Files
          • Saving DWG/DXF Files
          • Merge a DXF/DWG File
        • Import BIM Content
        • Working with XREFs
          • Attributes of XREF Files
          • Using XREFs in Round-Trip Communication
        • Working with Point Clouds
          • Import Point Clouds
          • Trace Point Cloud to Create Model Elements
          • Optimize Display of Point Cloud Object
          • Redefine Origin of Point Cloud Object
          • Place Point Cloud Object in Teamwork Project
        • Working With Rhino 3D Models
          • Open or Merge Rhino Model
          • Import Rhino 3DM File as Object
          • Hotlink Rhino File
          • Export Model to Rhino
        • Working with RFA & RVT Files
          • Import RFA as GDL Object
          • Hotlink 3D RVT Model
          • Export 3D Model as Revit 3D Geometry
        • Interoperability with MEP Applications
          • Export ARCHICAD Files to MEP Software
          • Import MEP Data to ARCHICAD
        • Interoperability with Energy Analysis
          • Integrated Energy Evaluation
          • Export Files from ARCHICAD to Energy Analysis Software
          • Import Energy Analysis Results Into ARCHICAD
        • Export to Artlantis
      • Working with IFC
        • IFC File Types Supported by ARCHICAD
        • IFC Project Manager
          • Functions of the IFC Project Manager
          • Navigating in the IFC Project Manager: Tree Structure
          • Navigating in IFC Project Manager: Attributes and Properties
          • Assign or Edit IFC Property/Attribute Values
          • Create New, Custom IFC Property
          • Create New Classification Reference
          • Apply Predefined Rules
          • Using Assignments in IFC Project Manager
          • Using Type Products in IFC Project Manager
        • ARCHICAD Classifications and Categories in IFC
        • Translators for Import (Detailed Settings)
          • Model Filter for IFC Import
          • Property Mapping for IFC Import
            • Using the Mapping Table
            • Assigning Property Values in ARCHICAD (Based on IFC Property Mapping)
          • Type Mapping for IFC Import
          • Geometry Conversion for IFC Import
          • Layer Conversion for IFC Import
          • Material and Surface Conversion
        • Export IFC Model from ARCHICAD
        • Translators for Export (Detailed Settings)
          • Model Filter for IFC Export
          • Type Mapping for IFC Export
          • How to Fix Error Warnings in the Type Mapping Dialog
          • Geometry Conversion for IFC Export
          • Property Mapping for IFC Export
          • How to create a Mapping Rule
          • Examples of Property Mapping Rules
          • Data Conversion for IFC Export
          • Unit Conversion for IFC Export
        • Import IFC Model to ARCHICAD
        • Appendix: IFC Terms and Concepts
          • Model View Definitions
          • IFC Data Types
        • Appendix: IFC Data Mapping in ARCHICAD
          • Predefined Property Mapping (Export ARCHICAD to IFC)
          • Built-in IFC Type Mapping for ARCHICAD
          • Data Types for Properties in IFC and ARCHICAD
        • Open IFC Model
        • Merge IFC Project
        • Hotlink IFC File
        • Update with IFC Model
        • Manage IFC Data at Element Level
        • IFC Local Preferences
        • Define Element Criteria using IFC Data
        • IFC Translators: Overview
        • Filter Model at Import (Secondary Filter)
        • Filter Model at Export
      • User Interface Reference
        • Controls
          • Action Center
          • Project Chooser
          • The 2D Navigator Preview Palette Controls
          • The 3D Navigator Preview Palette Controls
          • Control Box
          • Coordinates Palette
          • Search and Replace Text Dialog Box
          • Formatting Palette and Text Editor Controls
          • Renovation Palette
          • Teamwork Palette
          • Project Info
          • Project Notes
          • Project Preview
          • Architect Credits in BIMx
          • Session Report Window